Nutritional supplement

Composition

One capsule contains:

• Huperzyne A                                                  0,1 mg,
• Standardized  Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) extract       80 mg,
• Magnesium                                                   207 mg,
• Vitamin B1                                                   6,35 mg,
• Vitamin B2                                                       6 mg,
• Vitamin B6                                                   11,63 mg,
• Folic acid                                                       0,2 mg,
• Vitamin B12                                                 0,01 mg,
• Nicotinic acid                                                   25 mg,
• Vitamin C                                                       30 mg,
• Vitamin E                                                       10 mg,
• Selenium                                                       0,1 mg.

Recommendations for use:

• brain and peripheral circulation disorders,

• to improve brain and peripheral  blood circulation.

Action of active substances

Huperzine A

Huperzine A is an alkaloid that can be found in firmoss plant - Huperzia serrata. Huperzine A improves memory of patients with Alzheimer disease. It is determined that more than 30 neuromediators and neuromodulators participate in the processes of memorizing. The most important is acetylcholine (ACh). Huperzin A stimulates the secretion of the acetylcholine from presynaptic membranes to synaptic gap, blocks the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase – this allows to increase the concentration of acetylcholine in synaptic gap. Some evidences show that huperzine A increases muscle contraction and tonicity and is useful in treatment of myasthenia. Myasthenia is a nerve-muscle disease that manifests with periodic temporary weakness of the muscles and pathological fatigue. Chemical alterations in the nerve-muscle junction prevents the spreading of nerve impulse from nerve to muscle in myasthenia and because of that the muscles contract weaker and tire faster than normally. Huperzine A has also diuretic, antispastic, analgesic, inflammation diminishing properties. It stimulates the production of nitric monoxide that is important for learning and memorizing processes, improves short-term memory. Huperzine A is suitable for elderly people: in case of headache or decreased mental activity, memory and concentration.

Ginkgo biloba extract

Ginkgo biloba comes from China, Japan and Korea and the tree is 4000 years old. Today Ginkgo biloba is spread in Europe and is kept as decorative plant as well. Ginkgo biloba extract is made from desiccated Ginkgo biloba leaves. Active substances of Ginkgo biloba extract are ginkgolides, bilobalide, glycosides, biflavonoids, proanthocyanidine, organic acids, carotenoids, waxes, vitamin C. Ginkgo biloba extract improves the blood circulation in brain and whole organism, protects nervous cells from harmful effect of various factors, controls tonicity and elasticity of the blood vessels, improves memory, attention, alertness and decrease the depressive mood state.

Magnesium

Magnesium participates in nerve and muscle performance and metabolism, activates fermentation systems of the cells, normalizes blood pressure, heart contraction rate.

Vitamins B6, B12 and Folio acid

Vitamins B6, B12 and Folio acid decrease the concentration of homocysteine that is one of the main risk factors for atherosclerosis.
Vitamins E and C, selenium are antioxidants. They bind and neutralize free radicals that could harm the organism cells and enhance the antioxidative effect of the Ginkgo biloba extract.

Scientific researches demonstrating the efficiency

* In 2001 Australia Swinburn university scientists studied 100 people. First group received Ginkgo biloba extract, second was a control group. The symptoms of impaired brain circulation alleviated in 50 cases in 6 months after the administration of Ginkgo biloba extract; the control group did not show such results.
* British pharmacology journal published double blind randomized placebo controlled study with 72 patients with circulation disorders. First group received standardized Ginkgo biloba extract, second – placebo. Short-term memory significantly improved in 6 weeks after the administration of Ginkgo biloba extract. Placebo group did not show such results.
* Double blind placebo controlled study was performed with patients suffering from tinnitus. Tinnitus significantly decreased in 4 weeks after the administration of standardized Ginkgo biloba extract. (1994 m. Geteborg University, Sweden)
* Georgetown university chemists publish a study in USA medical journal. The result showed that huperzine A has neuroprotective property and is suitable in treatment of Alzheimer disease.
* Scientific data suggest that huperzine A has neuroprotective property, stimulates regeneration of the neurons and improves the performance of the brain, memory and cognitive functions. Huperzine A is 3 times more potent than inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and doesn’t have hepatotoxic side effect. (Cheng, DI et al. “Huperzine A, a novel promising acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.” Neuroreport, 1996; 8:97-101).
* 52-80 years old patients with Alzheimer disease were studied for 3 months. First group received huperzine A, second – placebo. Memory and cognitive functions were evaluated. Memory improved for 70 percent of people after the administration of huperzine A; placebo group did not show any changes. (Xu, SS et al. “Efficacy of tablet huperzine A on Memory, cognition and behavior in Alzheimer’s disease.” Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 1995; 16:391-395).

Literature:

1. Cheng DH, Tang XC. Comparative studies of huperzine A, E2020, and tacrine on behavior and cholinesterase activities. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1998;60:377-86.
2. Cheng DH, Ren H, Tang XC. Huperzine A, a novel promising acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Neuroreport 1996;8:97-101
3.Hofferberth, B. (1989). "[The effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on neurophysiological and psychometric measurement results in patients with psychotic organic brain syndrome. A double-blind study against placebo]." Arzneimittelforschung 39(8): 918-22.
4.Kanowski, S., et.al. "Proof of the Efficacy of the ginkgo biloba Special Extract Egb 761 in Outpatients Suffering from Mild to Moderate Primary Degenerative Dementia of the Alzheimer Type of Multi-Infarct Dementia". Phytomedicine 4, 1997: 3-13.
5. Xu SS, Gao ZX, Weng A et al: Efficacy of tablet huperzine-A on memory, cognition, and behavior in Alzheimer's Disease. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 1995;16(5):391-395.
6. Zhu XD & Giacobini E: Second generation cholinesterase inhibitors: Effect of (1)-huperzine-A on cortical biogenic amines. Journal of Neuroscience Research 1995;41:828-835.
7. Ved HS, Koenig ML, Dave JR et al: Huperzine A, a potential therapeutic agent for dementia, reduces neuronal cell death caused by glutamate. Neuro Report 1997; 8:963